40歳代の乳がん検診の可能性：日本と海外の比較
国立がん研究センター がん予防・検診研究センター
濱島ちさと
40歳代対象のマンモグラフィ単独法の5件の無作為化比較対照試験では死亡率減少効果が示唆されたが、有意差はなかった。国立がん研究センターの「有効性評価に基づく乳がん検診ガイドライン2013年度版」では、40歳代も含み、マンモグラフィ検診単独法と視触診併用法が推奨された。わが国の評価研究をもとに、利益と不利益の評価が必要である。
Five randomized controlled trials (RCT) for stand-alone mammographic screening included a target group of women in their forties. The results of these studies suggested mortality reduction from breast cancer among women in their forties, but these results were not significantly different. The breast cancer screening guidelines have been published by the National Cancer Center of Japan, and it has recommended mammography screening with and without a physical examination. The target population of these screening methods also includes women in their forties. It should be evaluated balance of benefits and harms of mammographic screening based on these results of studies conducted in Japan.
